AUSTRALIAN SHEPHERD DOG

This breed can produce short-tailed puppies.  Malcolm Willis Geneticist  has said 'Always be careful about buying a puppy born with a short tail (tail-less/bobtail) .  In Manx cats tge homozygous state is lethal; there are no tail-less dog breeds. Short-spined dogs have been found in Japan but it is likely that these are "manufacturing defects" thrown up after something goes wrong during pregnancy. 
A lot of spinal problems do occur in dogs.'  

Australian Shepherd Dog (may carry the mdr-1 gene - important to test)

KC registrations: 1993=0; 94=315; 95=102; 96=69; 97=32; 98=68; 99=65; 2000=52; 01=87; 02=84; 03=84; 04=66; 05=41; 06=54; 07=113; 08=48;
09=47; 10=135;
HD average score =(10) Figure in brackets is breed average hip score
HD – fairly good hips; HD – borderline hip dysplasia; HD – serious hip dysplasia
Eye problem under investigation.  Some have tailless gene
KC DNA testing scheme 2009: CEA/CH and prcd-PRA Optigen, (HC-HSF - same gene in Boston and Staffordshire Terriers and French Bulldogs), AHT,

Malcom Willis (Geneticist) says it carries the merle gene (as do Rough Collies, Dachshunds, Great Danes). Merle is patches of grey on the coat and this is caused by the genetic combination of Mm, i.e. they are heterozygous for the (M) allele. Most breeds do not carry merle and all members of the breed are mm. In breeds where the M allele exists it is possible to create MM individuals when two Mm animals are mated. . The MM combination gives rise to deaf white dogs, often with eye defects such as small and impaired vision. If one does not mate Mm to Mm this this homozygous state cannot occur. That being said there is some German research undertaken on Dachshunds (where merle is described as dapple) that even Mm animals can in a high proportion have some impairment of vision and hearing. Therefore it is argued that, despite the attractiveness of merle, the colour is undesirable. Not all merles are implicated with this gene but as some are it suggests caution with this gene. Hip dysplasia this breed is among the safest and best. Incidence of any problem is minimal. Skeletal Some cases of Australian Shephered Lethal Skeletal Defect syndrome. Genetic origin unknown but can cause cleft palate, shortened muzzle and as it is lethal it is therefore self limiting. It is rare. Patella luxation (dislocation of kneecap) is known as is OCD . Dogs can also suffer from Panosteitis leading to lameness in puppies but most recover at about 12 months. Dwarfism is known and thought to be X-linked recessive but again rare. Some A. S dogs are born without tails - condition known as "bobtail". This is becoming less common and is not desirable (see above). Eyes: Coming from its sheepdog origins, the breed does have Collie Eye Anomaly (CEA) a recessive trait. It also has Cataracts, Glaucoma, PRA and Lens Luxation. The latter two are autosomal recessive traits but the mode of inheritance of the former two is not clear in this breed. Eye testing for CEA in early life is desirable and annual tests are recommended for the other problems. Heart defects: Heart diseases are known in most breeds and the Aussie is no exception. Some get Patent Ductus Arteriosus, Persistent Right Aortic Arch (also known to be in German Shepherds and can give rise to sickness from about 5 weeks of age and can be identified by x-ray) and Pulmonic Stenosis where the pulmonary artery is narrowed close to the heart and gives rise to heart murmur and enlargement of right side of heart. All these are likely to be spotted early in the dog's life. Another rare problem is Portosystemic shunt where dogs are born with extra vessels which permit blood to bypass the liver - it usually required surgical correction.

Otherwise the breed, like most herders, is a fairly safe breed and serious defects are rare and usually identifiable early in life.

Of greatest concern is the merle x merle mating and it is necessary to ensure that these are not made as they will give rise to serious life-style impairment problems as stated above.

** = Guide to Hereditary and Congenital Diseases in Dogs – The Assoc. of Veterinarians for Animal Rights – California

CORGI WELSH PEMBROKE

 
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CORGI WELSH PEMBROKE (PASTORAL GROUP)
KC registrations: 1993=1274; 94=1036; 95=941; 96=841; 97=812; 98=627; 99=606; 2000=647; 01=601; 02=518;03=559; 04=618; 05=491; 06=533; 07=471; 08=464; 09=329; 10=363;
No problems known to breeders. Some have tailless gene.  Check for temperament.
** = Guide to Hereditary and Congenital Diseases in Dogs – The Assoc. of Veterinarians for Animal Rights - California
**Cataract; cervical disc disease; corneal dystrophy; cutaneous asthenia; cystinuria; dystosia; epilepsy; hypothyroidism; lens luxation; persistent pupillary membrane; progressive retinal atrophy; retinal dysplasia; Von Willebrand's diseaseCanine Epilepsy Support Group – Mrs. Anne Morley, Helpline 08707 469 329

Health Survey for the KC undertaken by conscientious breeders/owners of WPCs see :-
http://www.thekennelclub.org.uk/download/1639/hswelshcorgipembroke.pdf

This breed can produce short-tailed puppies.  Malcolm Willis
Geneticist  has said 'Always be careful about buying a puppy born
with a short tail (tail-less/bobtail)

  In Manx cats the homozygous state is lethal; there are no tail-less
dog breeds. Short-spined dogs have been found in Japan but it is
likely that these are "manufacturing defects" thrown up after
something goes wrong during pregnancy.  A lot of spinal
problems do occur in dogs.'

AFFENPINSCHER

Dr Malcolm Willis Geneticist says is numerically samll breed which suggests that inherited disease will not often be seen. Skeletal problems :- Hip Dysplasia (HD) has been located. 30 dogs listed as hip scored with range of 6-52 ( average 14.7 ) which is of concern. Legg Perthes disease which causes necrosis of the femoral head (sometimes confused with HD but is distinct although also polygenically controlled. Patella luxation also polygenically controlled and causes
dislocation of the knee cap. Other conditions:- The ductus arteriosus is a foetal vessel running from the aorta and pulmonary artery. After birth it should regress and vanish but in some dogs
it persists after birth. If this is the case, it causes weakness, heart murmurs and may result in death. Known as patent ductus arteriosus. Failure of one or both testicles to descent is not uncommon (cryptoorchidism). Cause likely to be complex genetically.

TERRIER - AUSTRALIAN SILKY (TOY GROUP)
KC registrations: 1993=11; 94=15; 95=19; 96=40; 97=26; 98=17; 99=32; 2000=31; 01=17;
02=23; 03=8; 04=19; 05=31; 06=18; 07=23; 08=41; 09=11; 10=23;
No problems known to breeders   Check for temperaments
** = Guide to Hereditary and Congenital Diseases in Dogs –
The Assoc. of Veterinarians for Animal Rights - California
** cataract; crypptorchidism; diabetes mellitus;  hydrocephalus;  Legge-Perthes synd

Health Survey for the KC undertaken by conscientious breeders/owners of ASTs see :-
http://www.thekennelclub.org.uk/download/1504/hsaustraliansilkyterrier.pdf

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This is a breed popular with puppy farmers because it is a breed popular
with the public.  Please do not buy from anyone who says they will deliver
to you or a service station and only gives a mobile telephone number. 
Make sure you see all genuine eye and heart certificates before
purchassing and check that KC registration papers are genuine with the Kennel Club before purchasing (although there is as yet no guarantee
that the information given by the breeder to the KC is correct).

Consider  Rescue Mrs Pagan 01245 320488 - 500-700 a year in rescue!!!!

HD average (17) Figure in brackets is breed average hip score
HD – fairly good hips; HD – borderline hip dysplasia; HD – serious hip dysplasia .  Mitral valve disease.  Syringomyelia -. check this out on http://www.thecavalierclub.co.uk   Heart testing recommended.  Parents
and puppies should be eye tested...
Cavalier Breed Club see http://www.thecavalierclub.co.uk has puppy
register tel 01490 430554

The Kennel Club from 2007 are restricting the registration of colours of puppies that are genetically incompatible with those of their parents. Only Blenheims may be registered
where the dam and sire are both recorded as Blenheim as this is the only possible outcome.

TAIL STANDARD 2007 - Length of tail in balance  with body, well set on, carried happily
but never much above the level of the back.  Docking previously optional when no more than
one third was to be removed. . Parents and puppies should be eye tested;   (syringomyelia check
this out on http://www.thecavalierclub.co.uk )  Check for temperaments

Malcolm Willis (geneticist) notes:- There are a number of inherited problems HEART: Endocardiosis (mitral valve disease) is very common around 20%. Over half aged four plus
have a heart problem. Possibly inherited but not proven. Patent ductus arteriosus is common
in dogs which is in the unborn and through to adult. Not always deleterious but can be a killer. Thought to be polygenetic inheritance. (ADA = All dogs should be screened so only buy
from a breeder who can show the official results of screening. done through the
CKCS Club) . EYES: Entropion - in-turned eyelids also likely to inherited. Distichiasis (abnormal eyelid growth) probably inherited. Keratoconjunctivitis sicca (lack of tear production) can be found in this breed. Causes drying of eye and corneal inflammation.
Can be caused by infection, result of medication or inherited. Cataracts can become complete
in the young adult and is likely to be inherited. Also multifocal retinal dysplasia is congenital and inherited as autosomal recessive. Progressive retinal atrophy is common in all dogs and can be found in Cavaliers as late as 5 yrs old. Thought to be autosomal recessive.   (ADA = Parent dogs should have BVA/KC/SDS eye test certificates). EPILEPSY . -Idiopathic/primary epilepsy is seen in the breed and probably inherited although the way in which it is inherited
has not yet become clear. SYRINGOMYELIA - common in the breed. Fluid filled cavities form
in spinal cord perceived to be a change in the flow of cerebrospinal fluid. Usually found between 6 and 24 months it can also occur later. Clinical symptoms include scratching around neck, ears, shoulder or chest and will will sometimes scratch on the move without making contact. Creates pain sometimes in the neck. Research is currently being undertaken in this by Vets.

** = Guide to Hereditary and Congenital Diseases in Dogs – The Assoc. of Veterinarians for Animal Rights - California
**Cardio myopathy; cataract; corneal dystrophy; diabetes mellitus; distichiasis; entropion; hypothyroidism; keratitis sicca; microphthalmia; patellar luxation; progressive retinal atrophy; retinal dysplasia; thrombocytopaenia;

EPILEPSY – If you have experienced epilepsy in Cavaliers please contact  Bet  Hargreaves  who is researching the condition 1 Boat Road, Thankerton , Biggar.  ML12 6NUCanine Epilepsy Support Group – Mrs. Anne Morley, Helpline 08707 469 329

Canine Epilepsy Support Group – Mrs. Anne Morley, Helpline 08707 469 329

KC Accredited breeders should eye test and heart test as recommended by Breed Club   2007 test for mitral valve dysplasia

Health Survey for the KC undertaken by conscientious breeders/owners of CKCSs see :-
http://www.thekennelclub.org.uk/download/1533/hscavalierkingcharlesspaniel.pdf

Health Survey for the KC undertaken by conscientious breeders/owners of MPs see :-
None done!

TERRIER  - YORKSHIRE